IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENTS AT RIVERS STATE UNIVERSITY

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of the Study The emergence of the internet in the 1990s marked a revolutionary era in communication, significantly transforming how people connect and share information. Today, the internet has become a crucial aspect of everyday life, embedded in our daily routines. It is hard to imagine a young person who doesn’t check their social media accounts at least once daily or scroll through updates and news feeds. The modern world compels individuals to stay in touch with others and remain informed about global events (Camilia, 2020). Undoubtedly, the rise of the internet played a pivotal role in the creation and expansion of social networking sites (SNSs). These platforms have dramatically changed communication, and their benefits are evident in various fields such as education and entertainment. Studies have revealed that the internet has evolved into one of the most effective communication tools, with nearly two-thirds of the global online population engaging with SNSs. These platforms, commonly referred to as "social media," are used extensively for interaction and connectivity. The global adoption of social media platforms has grown rapidly, with their presence felt in almost every part of the world. These platforms have transformed into dynamic hubs where users quickly generate, share, save content, and network with others. Students, in particular, are among the most active users of these media channels. Social networking has become an integral part of student life, occupying a significant portion of their leisure time. Many researchers agree on four main advantages of incorporating social media in higher education: fostering stronger relationships, enhancing learning motivation, offering personalized educational resources, and nurturing collaborative skills (Locke, 2019). Additionally, Lebans (2016) observed that students build social bonds through these platforms by sharing their daily learning experiences and engaging in topic-based conversations. Conversely, Kilmanr (2018) argued that social networking sites distract students, luring them into non-academic and unproductive activities like idle chatting. Both researchers concluded that social media plays a crucial role in influencing students' learning behavior. Numerous studies suggest that adolescents are especially susceptible to the negative effects of social networks, often developing unrealistic perceptions about relationships and social interaction. These platforms may give them the false impression that love and friendship are easily obtained and just as easily lost. Furthermore, due to the fast-paced nature of online interactions, young users may find real-life situations dull and engage in reckless behavior, believing they can reverse consequences as they do online. Despite this, some advocates argue that social media platforms grant students quick access to knowledge and facilitate the swift exchange of academic information. Others counter that these platforms primarily serve as distractions, drawing students away from meaningful academic pursuits (Madubuke, 2020). As with any significant innovation, social media carries both benefits and drawbacks. There is a discernible relationship between the time students invest on social media and their academic performance. The present study aims to show the extent to which students utilize these platforms. For instance, Mba (2022) emphasized that more than 90% of tertiary students are active on social networking sites. Similarly, Mubaraq (2021) discovered that students spend about 30 minutes each day using social media as part of their daily routine. This level of engagement may influence academic outcomes either positively or negatively, depending on how social media is used. Thus, this study seeks to examine the influence of social media on the academic performance of Library and Information Science students at Rivers State University. 1.2 Statement of the Problem The internet comprises interconnected computer networks that serve billions worldwide, functioning on a standardized protocol suite. It includes countless public, private, academic, and corporate networks, ranging in scope from local to global, and is linked by diverse technologies such as wireless, electronic, and optical systems (Magagula, 2017). New media technologies have greatly impacted daily interpersonal communication. In contemporary society, the number of young people actively using social media continues to grow, and this trend is increasingly prevalent among students. These platforms not only help students connect with classmates but also allow them to maintain relationships beyond school. Social networking sites foster a sense of community, but their increasing popularity has raised concerns about how the time spent and activities engaged in on these platforms may affect students' academic performance (Martin, 2019). Despite the internet’s invaluable role as a vast source of information, the increasing amount of time students spend on social media often outweighs their commitment to academic work. Since academic success largely depends on consistent study habits, this trend is troubling (Mughal, 2021). Kilman (2018) also found that excessive use of social media correlates with poor academic performance, diminished self-esteem, and a declining interest in pursuing academically demanding careers. Academic achievement plays a critical role in an individual’s life, influencing their family dynamics, social status, career opportunities, and peer relationships. Its importance in shaping a successful future and earning respect globally explains the emphasis placed on educational success. Consequently, many individuals strive to improve their academic performance (Kazimoto, 2019). Research has shown that students’ use of social media affects their proficiency in English, as many adopt informal shorthand while chatting, leading to similar errors during examinations (Boyd, 2017). Social networking sites are widely used by students at all academic levels, particularly those in higher education. Therefore, this research aims to explore how social media usage affects the academic performance of Library and Information Science students at Rivers State University. 1.3 Purpose of the study The purpose of this research study will be to determine the impact of social media usage on the academic performance of library and information science students at Rivers state university. Specifically; the study will be: i.To identify social media platforms that student use among themselseves. ii.To examine the level of addiction/exposure to social networks among student in library and information science iii.To identify Social media misuse in written English language performance among students in library and information science 1.4 Research questions The following research question will guide the study: i.What are the social media platforms that students use among themselves? ii.What is the level of addiction/exposure to social networks among student in library and information science, department, Rivers State University? iii.What are the areas of social media misuse that affects students written English Performance? 1.5 Research Hypothesis The following hypothesis have been formulated for the study H0A: the level of addiction/exposure to social networks among student in library and information science, department, Rivers State University is low. H0: the level of addiction/exposure to social networks among student in library and information science, department, Rivers State University is high. 1.6 Significance of the study In order to thoroughly address the study, students enrolled in Library and Information Science will be evaluated. The research will extend its scope by offering additional insights to scholars concerning the impact of social media on students’ academic performance. Upon completion, this study will serve as a valuable resource for helping students comprehend the various dimensions of social media, including the ethical ways to maximize its benefits. Additionally, it will offer useful reference materials for students and other researchers engaged in similar academic inquiries. 1.7 Scope of the study The study will identify social media platforms that student use among themselves. The study will also examine the level of addiction/exposure to social networks among student in library and information science. Lastly, the study will identify Social media misuse in written English language performance among students in library and information science. Hence, the study is delimited to students of library and information science student Rivers State University. 1.8 Limitations Like in every human endeavour, the researchers encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. The significant constraints are: Time: The researcher encountered time constraint as the researcher had to carry out this research alongside other academic activities such as attending lectures and other educational activities required of her. Finance: The researcher incurred more financial expenses in carrying out this study such as typesetting, printing, sourcing for relevant materials, literature, or information and in the data collection process. Availability of Materials: The researcher encountered challenges in sourcing for literature in this study. The scarcity of literature on the subject due to the nature of the discourse was a limitation to this study. 1.9 Definition of terms Social media: Social media are forms of electronic communication which facilitate interactive social networking base on certain interests. Academic performance: the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has attained their short or long-term educational goals. Students: Someone who is studying at a university or school. A student can also be seen as someone who is interested in a particular subject or academic discipline. Library: a building or room containing collections of books, periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded music for use or borrowing by the public or the members of an institution.